Liaison office of Grand Ayatullah Sayyid Ali Al Sistani (L.M.H.L) in London, Europe, North and South America.
1703. If an insane recovers and becomes sane, it will not be
obligatory on him to offer qadha for the fasts which he did not observe when he
was insane.
1704. If an unbeliever becomes a Muslim, it is not obligatory on him
to offer qadha for the fasts of the period during which he was an unbeliever.
However, if a Muslim apostatises and becomes Muslim again, he must observe qadha
for the fasts of the period during which he remained an apostate.
1705. A person must offer qadha for the fasts left out due to being
intoxicated, even if the intoxicant was taken by him for the purpose of medical
treatment.
1706. If a person did not fast on certain days because of some excuse
and later doubts about the exact date on which the excuse was over, it will not
be obligatory on him to offer qadha basing his calculation on the higher number.
For example, if a person travelled before the commencement of the month of
Ramadhan, and now does not remember whether he returned on the 5th of Ramadhan
or on the 6th, or if he travelled in the last days of the month of Ramadhan and
returned after Ramadhan, and now does not remember whether he travelled on the
25th of Ramadhan or on the 26th, in both the cases, he can observe qadha based
on the lesser number of days, that is, five days. However, the recommended
precaution is that he should offer qadha for the higher number of days, that is,
six days.
1707. If a person has to give qadha for Ramadhan fasts of several
years, he can begin with the qadha of Ramadhan of any year as he likes. But, if
the time for qadha fasts of the last Ramadhan is short, like, if he has to
observe five qadha fasts of the last Ramadhan and only five days are left before
the commencement of approaching Ramadhan, it is better to observe qadha fasts of
last Ramadhan.
1708. If a person has qadha fasts of the month of Ramadhan for several
years, and while making Niyyat he does not specify to which year the fasts
belong, they will not be reckoned to be the qadha of the last year.
1709. A person who observes a qadha for the fast of Ramadhan can break
his fast before Zuhr. However, if the time for qadha fast is short, it is better
not to break it.
1710. If a person observes qadha fast of a dead person, it is better
not to break the fast after Zuhr.
1711. If a person does not observe the fasts of the month of Ramadhan
due to illness, Haidh or Nifas and dies before he/she can give qadha in time,
he/she will not have any qadha liability.
1712. If a person does not fast in the month of Ramadhan due to
illness and his illness continues till next Ramadhan, it is not obligatory on
him to observe qadha of the fasts which he had not observed, but for each fast
he should give one mudd of food like, wheat, barley, bread etc. to poor.
And
if he did not observe fast owing to some other excuse, like, if he did not fast
because of travelling and his excuse continued till next Ramadhan, he should
observe its qadha fasts, and the obligatory precaution is that for each day he
should give one mudd of food to poor.
1713. If a person did not fast in Ramadhan due to illness, and his
illness ended after Ramadhan, but there emerged another excuse due to which he
could not observe the qadha fasts till next Ramadhan, he should offer qadha for
the fasts which he did not observe.
Also, if he had an excuse other than
illness during Ramadhan, and that excuse ended after Ramadhan, but he then fell
ill and could not give qadha till next Ramadhan because of that illness, he will
offer the qadha for the fasts he did not observe and, on the basis of obligatory
precaution, he will give one mudd of food to poor for each day.
1714. If a person does not observe fasts in the month of Ramadhan
owing to some excuse and his excuse is removed after Ramadhan, yet he does not
observe the qadha fasts intentionally till next Ramadhan, he has to give qadha
of the fasts and should also give one mudd of food to poor for each fast.
1715. If a person deliberately ignores observing qadha till the time
left is short, and during that short time he develops an excuse, he has to give
qadha and as a precaution, give one mudd of food to poor for each day.
Similarly, if after the excuse is over, he firmly decides to give qadha, but is
unable to do so because of some fresh excuse during that short time, he will
follow the above rule.
1716. If the illness of a person continues for very long, protracted
over many years, he should, after being cured, observe the qadha fasts of the
last Ramadhan, and for each day of the earlier years he should give one mudd of
food to poor.
1717. A person who has to give one mudd of food to poor for each day,
can give food of Kaffarah of a few days to one poor person.
1718. If a person delays observing qadha fasts of the month of
Ramadhan for a few years, he should give the qadha and should on account of
delay in the first year, give one mudd of food to a poor person for each day. As
for the delay in the subsequent years, nothing is obligatory on him.
1719. If a person does not observe fasts of the month of Ramadhan
intentionally, he should give their qadha and for each day left out, he should
observe fast for two months or feed sixty poor persons or set a slave free, and
if he does not observe the qadha till next Ramadhan, he should also give one
mudd of food for each day as a Kaffarah.
1720. If a person does not observe fast of the month of Ramadhan
intentionally, and commits sexual intercourse or masturbation several times
during the day, the Kaffarah does not multiply together with it. Similarly, if
he performs other acts which invalidate the fast, like eating several times, one
Kaffarah will suffice.
1721. After the death of a person his eldest son, as an obligatory
precaution, should observe his qadha fasts as explained in connection with the
prayers earlier.
1722. If a father had not observed obligatory fasts other than the
fasts of the month of Ramadhan, like, a fast of Nadhr, the recommended
precaution is that his eldest son should observe its qadha. However, if the
father was hired for observing fasts on behalf of a dead person, but he did not
observe them, it is not obligatory for the eldest son to offer them.